Correct Option
Indian coal exhibits distinct characteristics that differentiate it from coal found in other parts of the world. Statements 1 and 2 accurately describe these properties.
- High ash content: Indian coal, predominantly of Gondwana origin, is characterized by a high percentage of ash, often ranging from 35% to 45%. This high ash content reduces its calorific value and combustion efficiency, necessitating specific technologies for its utilization.
- Low sulphur content: A significant advantage of Indian coal is its low sulphur content. This characteristic contributes to reduced sulphur dioxide (SO₂) emissions during combustion, making it relatively more environmentally benign compared to high-sulphur coals.
Statement 3 is incorrect.
- Low ash fusion temperature: Contrary to the statement, Indian coal generally possesses a high ash fusion temperature. This property implies that the ash does not melt and form slag at lower temperatures, which can be beneficial in certain combustion processes by reducing slagging and fouling in boilers.
Incorrect Options
- Options (C) and (D) are incorrect because they include statement 3, which misrepresents the ash fusion temperature of Indian coal.
- Option (B) is incorrect as it excludes the high ash content, which is a fundamental characteristic of Indian coal.