UPSC CSE Prelims 2008
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct because probiotic foods are defined by the presence of live microorganisms, primarily beneficial bacteria (e.g., Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium species). These microorganisms, when consumed in adequate amounts, are intended to confer a health benefit on the host.
Statement 2 is also correct. The beneficial microorganisms supplied by probiotic foods help in maintaining a healthy balance and diversity of the gut microbiota, commonly known as gut flora. A balanced gut flora is crucial for various physiological functions, including digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune system modulation.
Options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect. Both statements 1 and 2 accurately describe the fundamental characteristics and primary functions of probiotic foods. Therefore, asserting that only one statement is correct or that neither is correct is factually inaccurate.