Modern History : Advent Of Europeans In India

Q 32 / 55

UPSC CSE Prelims 2004

Consider the following statements:

  1. In the Third Battle of Panipat, Ahmed Shah Abdali defeated Ibrahim Lodi.
  2. Tipu Sultan was killed in the Third Anglo-Mysore War.
  3. Mir Jafar entered in a conspiracy with the English for the defeat of Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah in the Battle of Plassey.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

EXPLANATION

Correct Option

Statement 3 is correct. Mir Jafar, the commander of Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah's army, entered into a secret conspiracy with the British East India Company prior to the Battle of Plassey (1757). This betrayal was a crucial factor in the defeat of Siraj-ud-Daulah and the subsequent establishment of British political dominance in Bengal.

Incorrect Options

Statement 1 is incorrect. The Third Battle of Panipat (1761) was fought between the Maratha Empire and the invading Afghan forces of Ahmad Shah Abdali. Ibrahim Lodi was defeated by Babur in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526. The Third Battle of Panipat significantly weakened the Maratha power, which indirectly facilitated the rise of British influence in India.

Statement 2 is incorrect. Tipu Sultan, the ruler of Mysore, was killed in 1799 during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War. The Third Anglo-Mysore War (1790-1792) concluded with the Treaty of Seringapatam, where Tipu Sultan lost significant territories but was not killed. His death in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War marked the end of Mysore's independent resistance against British expansion.

SOURCEA Brief History of Modern India by Spectrum, Chapter 3: The Advent of the Europeans and the Ascendancy of the British