Modern History : The Extremism And Swadeshi Movement (1905-1918)

Q 13 / 23

UPSC CSE Prelims 2004

Consider the following events during India’s freedom struggle:

  1. Chauri-Chaura Outrage
  2. Minto-Morley Reforms
  3. Dandi March
  4. Montagu-Chelrusford Reforms

Which one of the following is the correct chronological order of the events above?

EXPLANATION

Correct Option

The correct chronological order of the events is 2, 4, 1, 3.

  • Minto-Morley Reforms (1909): Also known as the Indian Councils Act of 1909, these reforms introduced separate electorates for Muslims, among other provisions.
  • Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms (1919): These reforms, enacted as the Government of India Act of 1919, introduced dyarchy in the provinces and expanded the provincial and imperial legislative councils.
  • Chauri-Chaura Outrage (1922): This incident occurred on February 5, 1922, in Gorakhpur district, Uttar Pradesh, where a large group of Non-Cooperation Movement protestors clashed with police, leading to the burning of a police station and the death of several policemen. This event prompted Mahatma Gandhi to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement.
  • Dandi March (1930): Initiated by Mahatma Gandhi on March 12, 1930, this march from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi was a protest against the British salt monopoly and marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement.

Incorrect Options

Options 1, 3, and 4 present incorrect chronological sequences of the given events. The correct order, based on the years of occurrence, is Minto-Morley Reforms (1909), Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms (1919), Chauri-Chaura Outrage (1922), and Dandi March (1930).

SOURCEIndia's Struggle for Independence by Bipan Chandra, Chapter 10: The Rise of Extremism and the Swadeshi Movement