Correct Option
The correct match is A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4.
- Ramsay MacDonald (A) is associated with the Communal Award (2). In August 1932, Ramsay MacDonald, the then British Prime Minister, announced the Communal Award, which provided for separate electorates for various minority groups, including the Depressed Classes.
- Lord Linlithgow (B) is associated with the August Offer (3). In August 1940, Viceroy Lord Linlithgow presented the August Offer, proposing Dominion Status for India after World War II and an expansion of the Viceroy's Executive Council.
- Lord Dalhousie (C) is associated with the Doctrine of Lapse (1). As Governor-General of India (1848-1856), Dalhousie implemented this policy, which allowed the British to annex princely states if a ruler died without a natural male heir, denying adopted sons the right to succession.
- Lord Chelmsford (D) is associated with Dyarchy (4). The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, which led to the Government of India Act, 1919, introduced the system of Dyarchy in the provinces, dividing administrative subjects into 'reserved' and 'transferred' categories.
Incorrect Options
Options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect as they contain one or more mismatched pairings. The correct associations are:
- Macdonald: Communal Award
- Linlithgow: August Offer
- Dalhousie: Doctrine of Lapse
- Chelmsford: Dyarchy