Biology : Human Health And Diseases

Q 8 / 15

UPSC CSE Prelims 2002

Which one of the following Statements IS correct?

EXPLANATION

Correct Option (c)

Viroids are subviral pathogens composed solely of a short, circular, single-stranded RNA molecule. Unlike viruses, they lack a protein coat (capsid). They primarily infect plants, causing various diseases, and replicate within the host cell's machinery.

Incorrect Options

  • Prions are infectious proteinaceous particles devoid of nucleic acids. They are not cellular organisms and thus cannot be considered free-living cells. They are known to cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Mycoplasma species are generally recognized as the smallest free-living cells.

  • Mycoplasma species are distinguished by the complete absence of a cell wall. This structural characteristic makes them resistant to antibiotics like penicillin, which target peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls.

  • Rickettsias are obligate intracellular parasitic bacteria that possess a cell wall. While their cell wall structure may differ from typical Gram-negative bacteria, it is present and essential for their integrity.

SOURCENCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 2: Biological Classification